Subject–Verb Agreement Rules: UPCAT Grammar Reviewer

TEACHER ABI UPCAT LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY

Subject–Verb Agreement

Find the true subject and choose the verb that agrees with it.

5-10 minute lesson27 original questionsAdaptive practiceSaves progress
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Subject–Verb Agreement

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The verb agrees with the grammatical subject

Do not choose a verb by sound or by the nearest noun. First find the actual subject. Set aside words that merely describe or interrupt it. Then choose the verb that agrees with that subject.

Actual subjectSet these words asideCorrect verb
Singular subject

Each is singular even before a plural phrase.

Actual subject: Each

Each of the applicants has a permit.

Intervening phrase

Ignore the phrase of old records.

Actual subject: The box

The box of old records is in storage.

Compound with and

Two subjects joined by and are normally plural.

Actual subject: The adviser and the principal

The adviser and the principal are attending.

Either/or proximity

With nor, agree with the nearer subject.

Actual subject: the principal

Neither the teachers nor the principal is available.

Indefinite pronoun

Everyone is grammatically singular.

Actual subject: Everyone

Everyone in the rooms is ready.

Collective noun

A group acting as one unit takes a singular verb.

Actual subject: The committee

The committee submits its final report today.

There is/are

In there constructions, agree with the real subject after the verb.

Actual subject: three reasons

There are three reasons for the delay.

Title as one unit

A title is treated as one unit.

Actual subject: Stories from the Islands

Stories from the Islandsis our assigned book.

Amount as one unit

A measurement viewed as one amount is singular.

Actual subject: Ten kilometers

Ten kilometers is too far to walk before sunrise.

Core rule

A singular subject takes a singular verb; a plural subject takes a plural verb.

High-value exception

With either/or and neither/nor, agree with the nearer subject.

DO IT FAST

Cross out interruptions before choosing

Temporarily remove phrases beginning with of, with, along with, together with, or as well as. Then match the remaining subject and verb.

Why it works

Interrupting nouns do not change the grammatical number of the subject.

WORKED EXAMPLES

Five forms you should recognize

1. Singular subject

Each of the applicants has a permit.

2. Intervening phrase

The box of old records is in storage.

3. Compound with and

The adviser and the principal are attending.

4. Either/or proximity

Neither the teachers nor the principal is available.

5. Indefinite pronoun

Everyone in the rooms is ready.

COMMON TRAPS

Check before you commit

  • Agreeing with the nearest noun
  • Treating each or everyone as plural
  • Ignoring the nearer subject after nor
  • Making titles plural
  • Matching there instead of the real subject
  • Assuming every collective noun is plural
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QUICK ANSWERS

Subject–Verb Agreement FAQ

Is “each” singular?

Yes, even when followed by a plural of-phrase.

What happens with neither/nor?

The verb agrees with the nearer subject.

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